a2zcurrentaffairs

Friday, May 28, 2010

Prime minister list

# Portrait Name Time in office Electoral mandates Political party Lok Sabha Council of Ministers Refs
1st Jawaharlal Nehru
MP for Phulpur 15 August 1947
27 May 19641 1951, 1957, 1962 Indian National Congress 1st
2nd
3rd 1st
2nd
3rd [1]
Indo-Pakistani War of 1947; created Planning commission of India and initiated Five-year plan to increase government investment in agriculture and industry; launched programmes to build irrigation canals, dams and spread the use of fertilizers to increase agricultural production; oversaw widespread poverty and unemployment, even with improvements in agriculture and infrastructure; oversaw establishment of All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Indian Institutes of Technology and Indian Institutes of Management; criminalized caste discrimination and increased the legal rights and social freedoms of women; pioneered the policy of non-alignment and co-founded the Non-Aligned Movement; Sino-Indian War; signed the Indus Waters Treaty; granted asylum to the Dalai Lama; oversaw liberation of Goa.
2nd Gulzarilal Nanda
MP for Sabarkantha 27 May 1964
9 June 1964* - Indian National Congress 3rd - [2]
was a caretaker prime minister until Lal Bahadur Shastri was elected as a new leader.
3rd Lal Bahadur Shastri
MP for Allahabad 9 June 1964
11 January 19661 - Indian National Congress 3rd 4th [3]
Indo-Pakistani War of 1965; pushed for Green Revolution in India and Operation Flood; The National Dairy Development Board was formed; died from a heart attack at a summit in Tashkent.
2nd Gulzarilal Nanda
MP for Sabarkantha 11 January 1966
24 January 1966* - Indian National Congress 3rd - [2]
was in office as caretaker prime minister once again, until Indira Gandhi was chosen as the new leader.
4th Indira Gandhi
MP for Rae Bareli 24 January 1966
24 March 1977 1967, 1971 Indian National Congress 3rd
4th
5th 5th
6th [4]
nationalized banks; won the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, which resulted in the formation of Bangladesh; signed the Shimla Agreement; tested the first nuclear weapon with Smiling Buddha; initiated Green Revolution in India; established state of emergency from 1975-1977.
5th Morarji Desai
MP for Surat 24 March 1977
28 July 19794 1977 Janata Party 6th 7th [5]
ended the state of emergency initiated by Indira Gandhi; improved relations with Pakistan, China and the United States; softened its relationship with the Soviet Union; launched Sixth Five-Year Plan, aiming to boost agricultural production and rural industries; the plan proved unsuccessful leading to resurging inflation, fuel shortages, unemployment and poverty; lost many MPs from Janata Party, including his rival Charan Singh, which led to his resignation.
6th Charan Singh
MP for Baghpat 28 July 1979
14 January 19803 - Janata Party 6th 8th [6]
initiated high level diplomatic relations with Israel; lost support of Congress, which led to his resignation without even a single session of Lok Sabha.
4th Indira Gandhi
MP for Rae Bareli 14 January 19802
31 October 1984 1980 Indian National Congress (Indira) 7th 9th [7]
Operation Bluestar, which subsequently led to her assassination; 1984 anti-Sikh riots.
7th Rajiv Gandhi
MP for Amethi 31 October 1984
2 December 1989 1984 Indian National Congress 8th 10th [8]
significantly reduced License Raj; expanded telecommunications in India; signed the Indo-Sri Lanka Peace Accord; Bofors scandal; nullified the Supreme Court's judgement on Shah Bano case.
8th Vishwanath Pratap Singh
MP for Fatehpur 2 December 1989
10 November 19903 1989 Janata Dal 9th 11th [9]
negotiated terrorist kidnapping of Mufti Mohammad Sayeed's daughter; visited Golden Temple to ask for forgiveness for Operation Bluestar; withdrew IPKF from Sri Lanka; initiated fixed quota/reservation for all public sector jobs as per recommendation from Mandal Commission; Ram Janmabhoomi agitation and subsequent loss of vote of no confidence because of it.
9th Chandra Shekhar Singh
MP for Ballia 10 November 1990
21 June 1991 - Samajwadi Janata Party 9th 12th [10]
resigned due to accusations of spying on former Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi, and subsequent withdrawal of Congress' support; Assassination of Rajiv Gandhi.
10th P. V. Narasimha Rao
MP for Nandyal 21 June 1991
16 May 1996 1991 Indian National Congress 10th 13th [11]
initiated Economic liberalization in India; SEBI Act 1992; formation of National Stock Exchange of India; 1993 Bombay bombings; introduced TADA; Demolition of Babri Masjid.
11th Atal Bihari Vajpayee
MP for Lucknow 16 May 1996
1 June 19963 1996 Bharatiya Janata Party 11th 14th [12]
Was in power for only 13 days, after BJP could not gather enough support from other parties to form a majority.
12th H. D. Deve Gowda
MP for Karnataka 1 June 1996
21 April 19973 1996 Janata Dal 11th 15th [12]
Chinese President Jiang Zemin begins the first visit by a Chinese head of state to India; initiates controversial president's rule in Gujarat.
13th Inder Kumar Gujral
MP for Bihar 21 April 1997
19 March 1998 - Janata Dal 11th 16th [13]
Fodder scam; Jain Commission.
11th Atal Bihari Vajpayee
MP for Lucknow 19 March 19982
22 May 2004 1998, 1999 Bharatiya Janata Party 12th
13th 17th
18th [14]
Pokhran nuclear tests; Kargil War; National Highway Development Project; Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana; Barak Missile Deal Scandal;POTA; Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan; 2001 Gujarat earthquake; 2002 Gujarat violence.
14th Dr. Manmohan Singh
MP for Assam 22 May 2004
Incumbent 2004, 2009 Indian National Congress 14th
15th 19th
20th [15]
Indo-US civilian nuclear agreement; won the 2008 Lok Sabha vote of confidence; Iran-Pakistan-India gas pipeline; expanding ties with Israel; Economic crisis of 2008; National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA); Right to Information Act; revoking of POTA; 2008 Mumbai attacks and the implementation of Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act; National Intelligence Agency;

Presidents list

:

# Name Portrait Took office Left office Vice President Notes
1 Dr Rajendra Prasad 26 January 1950 13 May 1962 Dr.S Radhakrishnan 1952 election page & 1957 election page
Prasad was the first President of independent India from Bihar.[7][8] He was also an independence activist of the Indian Independence Movement.[9] Prasad was the only president to serve for two terms in office.[4]
2 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan 13 May 1962 13 May 1967 Zakir Hussain 1962 election page
Radhakrishnan was a prominent philosopher, writer, a Knight of the Realm and also held the position of vice chancellor of the Andhra University and Banaras Hindu University.[10] He was also made a Knight of the Golden Army of Angels by Pope Paul VI.[11]
3 Zakir Hussain 13 May 1967 3 May 1969 Varahagiri Venkata Giri 1967 election page
Hussain was vice chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University and a recipient of Padma Vibhushan and Bharat Ratna.[12] He died before his term of office was ended.
Varahagiri Venkata Giri * 3 May 1969 20 July 1969 Giri was appointed as acting president following the death of Hussain.[13] He resigned in a few months to take part in the presidential elections.[5]
Muhammad Hidayatullah * 20 July 1969 24 August 1969 Hidayatullah served as the Chief Justice of India, and was a recipient of the Order of the British Empire.[14] He served as acting president until the election of Giri as the President of India.
4 Varahagiri Venkata Giri 24 August 1969 24 August 1974 Gopal Swarup Pathak 1969 election page
Giri is the only person to have served as both an acting president and president of India. He was a recipient of the Bharat Ratna, and has functioned as Indian Minister of Labour and High Commissioner to Ceylon (Sri Lanka).[15]
5 Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed 24 August 1974 11 February 1977 Basappa Danappa Jatti 1974 election page
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed served as a Minister before being elected as president. He died in 1977 before his term of office ended, and was the second Indian president to have died during a term of office.[16]
Basappa Danappa Jatti * 11 February 1977 25 July 1977 Jatti was the vice president of India during Ahmed's term of office, and was sworn in as acting president upon Ahmed's death. He earlier functioned as the Chief Minister for the State of Mysore.[16][17]
6 Neelam Sanjiva Reddy 25 July 1977 25 July 1982 Muhammad Hidayatullah 1977 election page
N.S.Reddy was the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh State. Reddy was the only Member of Parliament from the Janata Party to get elected from Andhra Pradesh.[18] He was unanimously elected Speaker of the Lok Sabha on 26 March 1977 and relinquished this office on 13 July 1977 to become the 6th President of India.
7 Giani Zail Singh 25 July 1982 25 July 1987 Ramaswamy Venkataraman 1982 election page
In March 1972, Singh assumed the position of chief Minister of Punjab, and in 1980, he became Union Home Minister.[19]
8 Ramaswamy Venkataraman 25 July 1987 25 July 1992 Shankar Dayal Sharma 1987 election page
In 1942, Venkataraman was jailed by the British for his involvement in the India's independence movement.[20] After his release, he was elected to independent India’s Provisional Parliament as a member of the Congress Party in 1950 and eventually joined the central government, where he first served as Minister of Finance and Industry and later as Minister of Defence.[21]
9 Shankar Dayal Sharma 25 July 1992 25 July 1997 Kocheril Raman Narayanan 1992 election page
Sharma was Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, and the Indian Minister for Communications. He has also served as the governor of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Maharashtra.[22]
10 Kocheril Raman Narayanan 25 July 1997 25 July 2002 Krishan Kant 1997 election page
Narayanan served as India's ambassador to Thailand, Turkey, China and United States of America. He received doctorates in Science and Law and was also a chancellor in several universities.[23] He was also the vice-chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University.[24]
11 A. P. J. Abdul Kalam 25 July 2002 25 July 2007 Bhairon Singh Shekhawat 2002 election page
Kalam, was a scientist who played a leading role in the development of India's ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programs.[25] Kalam also received the Bharat Ratna.
12 Pratibha Patil 25 July 2007 Incumbent Mohammad Hamid Ansari 2007 election page
Patil is the first woman to become the President of India. She was also the first female Governor of Rajasthan.[26][27]

Saturday, May 8, 2010

GROUPS INFORMATION

GROUPS INFORMATION

1 UNO 192 October 24,1945/facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and the achieving of world peace. The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries, and to provide a platform for dialogue. It contains multiple subsidiary organizations to carry out its missions. Every year in October Every year in October
2 SAARC 8-India,Pakistan,
Sri Lanka, Bhutan,
Maldives,
Bangladesh, Afghanistan,Nepal December 8, 1985 2009
Colombo,
Sri Lanka 2010
Thimpu Bhutan
3 G-8 8-USA, UK, Russia, Canada, Japan, Germany, France, Italy 1975 2009
L’Aquila, Italy,
Focus: Climate Change 2010
Huntsville, Muskoka, Ontario, Canada
Focus: Maternal and child nutrition
4 G-20 20/ Group of finance ministers and central bank governors from 20 economies: 19 countries plus the European Union.
1999/Bring together systemically important industrialized and developing economies to discuss key issues in the global economy 2009
Pittsburg
London 2010
Canada
5 G-4 4 an alliance among Brazil, Germany, India, and Japan for the purpose of supporting each other’s bid for permanent seats on the United Nations Security Council
-- --
6 BASIC 4 November 28, 2009 /a bloc of four large developing countries – Brazil, South Africa, India and China – formed by an agreement on 28 November 2009. The four committed to act jointly at the Copenhagen climate summit, including a possible united walk-out if their common minimum position was not met by the developed nations

7 BIMSTEC Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation/8/Bangladesh,
Myanmar, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Bhutan, Nepal June 6, 1997/ to create an enabling environment for rapid economic development, accelerate social progress in the sub-region, promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matters of common interest, provide assistance to each other in the form of training and research facilities, cooperate more effectively in joint efforts that are supportive of, and complementary to national development plans of member states, maintain close and beneficial cooperation with existing international and regional organizations, and cooperate in projects that can be dealt with most productively on a sub-regional basis and which make best use of available synergies
8 CHOGM 54/Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting to orchestrate common policies on certain contentious issues and current events, with a special focus on issues affecting member nations. 2009
Port of Spain,
Trinidad and Tobago 2011
Perth
Australia
9 NAM 118 members
17 observers 1961-Belgrade/an intergovernmental organization of states considering themselves not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. 2009
Sharm-el-Shaik,
Egypt
10 OIC 57 September 25, 1969/ to preserve Islamic social and economic values; promote solidarity amongst member states; increase cooperation in social, economic, cultural, scientific, and political areas; uphold international peace and security; and advance education, particularly in the fields of science and technology.
11 OPEC 12 - Algeria, Angola, Ecuador, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, and Venezuela
1960-61/ one of the principal goals is the determination of the best means for safeguarding the cartel's interests, individually and collectively. It also pursues ways and means of ensuring the stabilization of prices in international oil markets with a view to eliminating harmful and unnecessary fluctuations; giving due regard at all times to the interests of the producing nations and to the necessity of securing a steady income to the producing countries; an efficient and regular supply of petroleum to consuming nations, and a fair return on their capital to those investing in the petroleum industry
12 APEC 21 1989/a forum for 21 Pacific Rim countries to cooperate on regional trade and investment liberalisation and facilitation. APEC's objective is to enhance economic growth and prosperity in the region and to strengthen the Asia-Pacific community. Singapore 2009 Japan 2010
13 NATO 28 April 4, 1949/ the organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party.
14 AOSIS 42 1990/ the main purpose of the alliance is to consolidate the voices of Small Island Developing States (SIDS) to address global climate change

15 OAS 35 Effective from 1951/ Its members are the thirty-five independent states of the Americas, although Honduras was suspended as a result of the June 28, 2009 coup d’état that expelled President Manuel Zelaya from office

16 ASEAN 10 South-east Asian nations. Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore ,Thailand, Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.
August 8, 1967/ Its aims include the acceleration of economic growth, social progress, cultural development among its members, the protection of the peace and stability of the region, and to provide opportunities for member countries to discuss differences peacefully October 2009 , Hua Hin, Thailand April 2010
Hanoi, Vietnam
17 ARF ASEAN REGIONAL FORUM/ 27 PARTICIPANTS 1994/ARF objectives are to foster dialogue and consultation, and promote confidence-building and preventive diplomacy in the region

Sunday, March 21, 2010

March 16,2010

1.BJP Team.
President - Nitin Gadkari
Vice President - Hema Malini
Secretary - Smriti Irani
Secretary - Varun Gandhi
National Executive - Kiron Kher
Spokesperson - Tarun Vijay
General Secretary - Vasundhara Raje

2.Jairam Ramesh, Union Minister for Environment and Forests and Vinod Rai, Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) participated in the International Conference on Environment Audit-Concerns About Water Pollution organised at New Delhi on March 16, 2010.

3.Carlos Ghosn, CEO of Renault Nissan addressed a press conference at Chennai on March 16.

4.The Finance Minister exuded confidence that economy will soon return to 9-10% growth rate.

5.Arcelor-Mittal would commence construction of a $130 million steel plant in Iran in collaboration with Dayen, a Turkish firm during the second quarter of 2010.

6.Religare Enterprises will set up its asset management, sales and distribution business in Japan and has hired a team from KBC Financial Products for the same.

7.Share of nuclear energy in Power Generation (%)
FRANCE - 76
GERMANY - 28.3
JAPAN - 24.9
USA - 19.7
RUSSIA - 16.9
CHINA - 2.2
(mainland)
INDIA - 2.0

The share of nuclear power in India's energy basket is just 2.0%, the lowest amongst the major world economies. From 4,340 mw now, India's nuclear power generation capacity is set to expand to 7,280 mw by March 2012 according to DAE.

8.Two rebels of the outlawed National Democratic Front of Bodoland (NDFB) were gunned down by security forces in Majuli village of Darrang district of Assam on March 16.

Thursday, March 18, 2010

March 15, 2010

1.The Union Cabinet cleared the Foreign Educational Institution (Regulation of Entry and Operation) Bill on March 15, 2010. The Bill will now be introduced in the Parliament.
2.Bangladesh Chief of Army Staff General Mohammed Abdul Mubeen met Indian Army Chief General Deepak Kapoor at Delhi on March 15.
3.Bihar to celebrate March 22 as 'statehood day'.
4.Angelina Jolie has been named the most powerful celebrity -2009 by Forbes magazine.
5.Facebook facts : CEO & Founder- Mark Zuckerberg; Headquarters-Palo Alto ,California.
6.Sanjeev Goeanka is the President of AIMA.
7.The 6th CII-EXIM Bank Coclave on India-Africa Project Partnership 2010 was inaugurated at New Delhi on March 15, 2010.John Dramani Mahama, Vice President of Republic of Ghana was present on the occasion.
8.Pankaj Advani won the inaugural OB Agarwal memorial 6 red snooker National Championship at Bangalore on March 15.
9.Katie Spotz beacame the youngest person (22 years) to row an entire ocean solo.She crossed Atlantic ocean from Senegal coast of Africa to Guyana Coast of South America.
10.SRM University , Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu will host the 98th Indian Science Congress from Jan. 3 to Jan.7, 2011.

Monday, March 15, 2010

March 14, 2010

1.Ms.Kaku Nakhate is the new country head of Bank of America -Merrrill Lynch- India.
2.Google, the world's largest search engine is likely to shut its Chinese search engine.
3.Steve Jobs is CEO of Apple.Tim Cook is the COO of Apple.
4.26 persons were killed when a bus fell off a bride along Sawai Madhopur - Dausa border, about 162 KMs from Jaipur, Rajasthan's capital.
5.S Ramadorai, former CEO and Managing Director of Tata Consultancy Services, has been appointed as non-Executive Chairman of Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). Madhu Kannan is the MD & CEO of BSE.

Sunday, March 14, 2010

March 13, 2010

1.Australia won 12th Hockey World Cup -2010 by beating Germany in the final at New Delhi.Australian captain - JAMIE DWYER. Germany captain - Max Muller.
SPECIAL AWARDS:
Man of the final -Luke Doerner (Aus.)
Man of steel of final -Martin Haner (Germany)
Best Goalkeeper of the tournament -Guus Vogels (Netherlands)
Man of the steel of the tournament-Max Muller (Germany)
Maximum goals (8) -Luke Doerner (Australia)
Taeke Taekema(Netherlands)
Man of the tournament -Guus Vogels (Netherlands)
Fairplay Trophy -New Zealand
2.The 28th annual conference of Andhra Pradesh Economic Conference (APEA) was held at Acharya Nagarjuna University campus on March 13, 2010.

3.Sergei Kirienko, Chief of Russia's State Neclear Corporation exchanged agreements on nuclear power plants in India with Srikumar Banerjee, Chairman ,Atomic Energy Commission, in New Delhi on March 13, 2010.

4.Richard Stagg is British High Commissioner to India.
H.E.Narlin Surie is the Indian High Commissioner in London.

5.Mulsanne is the new car launched in India by British luxury car maker, Bentley Motors.